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Conversion of Business Entity

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Overview of Conversion of Business Entities

In the modern days the need & speed for expansion has been growing tremendously which leads to fast evolving change in the nature of company status to adapt the required needs and move ahead of the constraints in existing one. So here we shall be knowing about the types of conversion possibilities currently as per the Indian Taxation and Government Laws for the time being.

Partnership Firm to Limited Liability Partnership (LLP)

After introduction of LLP Act in 2008, many Partnership Firms have started to convert their Partnership Firm to LLP. The reasons of conversion are self-evident such as ability to take unlimited number of partners, separate legal entity, limited liability and ease of ownership transfer. Because of these advantages of LLP over Partnership, LLP has become very popular amongst small and medium sized businesses.

The Partnership Firm which wants to convert itself to LLP must be registered under Indian Partnership Act, 1932. Unregistered Partnership Firm can’t be converted to LLP. LLP incorporated by conversion of Partnership Firm to LLP must have same partners as they were in the Partnership Firm. Therefore it is suggested that the Partnership Firm should retire all the Partners who do not wish to be a part of LLP and if new partners are to be added, they should be added after the incorporation of LLP.

Proprietorship Firm to Private Limited Company

Many business people start their businesses as a Sole Proprietorship due to the low compliance requirements. As the business and the incomes grow, there is a need to separate the bank accounts and the tax filings of the Sole Proprietor and that of the business. To accomplish this separation a possible solution is to convert the Sole Proprietorship into a Private Limited Company.

To convert a Sole Proprietorship into a Private Limited Company, an agreement has to be executed between the Proprietorship and the Private Limited Company (once it is incorporated) for the sale of the business. Further, such Private Limited Company so incorporated must have “the takeover of a Sole Proprietorship Concern” as one of the objectives in its Memorandum of Association.

One Person Company (Pvt Ltd) to Private Limited

The conversion of an OPC- One Person Company into Private Limited Company as per Section 18 of the Companies Act, 2013 and the provisions of Companies (Incorporation) Rules of 2014 should be discharged by a newly formed Private Limited Company. These rules will not affect the existing debts, liabilities, obligations or contracts of the OPC. There are two ways of converting an OPC into a private limited company either voluntarily or mandatorily. Under both these type of conversions, the requirements are necessary alterations in the MOA and AOA of the OPC.

The section says to obtain no objection in written form, from the concerned members and creditors; passing a resolution in support of conversion; and it should also satisfy the requirements of the minimum paid-up capital, along with the minimum number of members and directors. For incorporating a private limited company the minimum paid capital recommended is Rs. 1,00,000 and two members and two directors at a minimum.

Limited Liability Partnership to Private Limited Company

Several businesses started in India as Limited Liability Partnership (LLP), may now wish to convert into a private limited company for more growth in business or for infusing equity capital. An LLP can be converted into a Pvt. Ltd. company as per the provisions contained in Section 366 of the Companies Act, 2013 and Company (Authorised to Register) Rules, 2014.

However, there are various requirements which need to be satisfied for converting an LLP into a Private Limited Company, for instance, an LLP must have at least 7 partners, approval from all the partners is required, advertisement in newspaper is to be done in a local and a national newspaper, a No Objection Certificate (NOC) is required from the ROC where such LLP is registered and then all the incorporation process has to be undertaken which includes:

  • Board Meeting & Resolution
  • Approval of Name
  • Securing DSC and DIN
  • Filing form no. URC – 1
  • MOA & AOA

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